Stomach Pain and Reflux – Online GP Consultation & Acid Reflux Medication

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a digestive condition in which stomach acid or partially digested food flows back into the esophagus—the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. This repeated “backwash” can irritate and inflame the esophageal lining, causing discomfort and long-term symptoms.

What Causes GERD?

GERD develops when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)—the muscular valve separating the stomach from the esophagus—does not close properly or relaxes at the wrong time. When this happens, acid can escape upward into the esophagus.

Contributing factors include:

• Weak or relaxed LES: Allows stomach contents to return to the esophagus.
• Frequent acid reflux episodes: Chronic reflux can lead to ongoing inflammation.
• Hiatal hernia: A condition in which part of the stomach pushes into the chest cavity, weakening the LES.
• Obesity: Extra abdominal pressure can encourage reflux.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach can contribute.
• Certain foods and drinks: Caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, fatty meals, chocolate, and acidic foods can trigger symptoms.
• Smoking: Weakens the LES and increases acid production.

Common Symptoms of GERD

Symptoms can vary from mild to severe and often worsen after meals or when lying down.

• Heartburn: A burning sensation in the chest, especially after eating or at night.
• Regurgitation: Sour or bitter-tasting fluid rising into the throat or mouth.
• Chest or upper abdominal pain: Can range from discomfort to sharp pain.
• **Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia): Feeling of food sticking in the throat or chest.
• Sensation of a lump in the throat:** A persistent “tight” feeling.

Nighttime GERD Symptoms

GERD can be worse at night or when lying flat. Nighttime symptoms may include:

• Chronic cough
• Hoarse or irritated voice (laryngitis)
• Worsening asthma or asthma-like symptoms
• Interrupted sleep due to discomfort

Notes and Management

GERD can often be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. Helpful strategies include avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, not lying down after eating, losing weight if needed, and quitting smoking. Over-the-counter antacids, acid reducers, or prescription medications may also be recommended. Medical evaluation is important if symptoms are severe, frequent, or accompanied by difficulty swallowing.