Eye Infection in Children – Diagnosis, Treatment & Medication Online

Commonly known as "pink eye," is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelids.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, a thin, transparent membrane that covers the front surface of the eye (sclera) and lines the inner surface of the eyelids. This condition can affect one or both eyes and can be either infectious or non-infectious. It is called "pink eye" due to the characteristic red or pink appearance of the eyes when blood vessels in the conjunctiva become dilated and inflamed.

Causes: Conjunctivitis can have various causes, which are categorized into infectious and non-infectious types:

Infectious Conjunctivitis:

1. Viral Infections: Viruses, such as adenoviruses, are common causes of viral conjunctivitis. It is highly contagious and often occurs with other cold or upper respiratory symptoms.
2. Bacterial Infections: Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus or Streptococcus. It can result from eye infections, contact lens use, or exposure to contaminated objects.
3. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Some sexually transmitted infections, like chlamydia and gonorrhea, can lead to infectious conjunctivitis, often referred to as "sexually transmitted conjunctivitis."

Non-Infectious Conjunctivitis:

1. Allergic Reactions: Allergic conjunctivitis is triggered by allergens, such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or certain medications. It tends to be seasonal or related to specific allergen exposure.
2. Irritants: Exposure to irritants like smoke, chemicals, or foreign objects can lead to irritant conjunctivitis.
3. Chemical Exposure: Chemical conjunctivitis can occur when the eyes come into contact with harmful substances, such as household cleaning agents or industrial chemicals.

Symptoms: The symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary depending on the underlying cause but often include the following:

1. Red or Pink Eyes: The hallmark symptom is redness or pink discoloration of the eyes due to dilated blood vessels.
2. Eye Itching: Affected individuals may experience itching, which is a common feature in allergic conjunctivitis.
3. Watery or Mucous Discharge: The eyes may produce a clear, watery discharge or thicker, yellow or greenish mucus in cases of bacterial or viral infections.
4. Grittiness or Foreign Body Sensation: Some people with conjunctivitis feel as if there is a foreign object in the eye.
5. Swelling of the Eyelids: Swollen or puffy eyelids can accompany conjunctivitis.
6. Photophobia: Sensitivity to light may occur, especially in cases of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis.
7. Crusting: Bacterial conjunctivitis can lead to eyelid crusting, particularly upon waking in the morning.

Treatment of conjunctivitis depends on the underlying cause. Viral conjunctivitis often resolves on its own, while bacterial conjunctivitis may require antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis is managed by avoiding allergens and using antihistamine eye drops. Irritant or chemical conjunctivitis is treated by rinsing the eye and avoiding further exposure to the irritant. If you suspect you have conjunctivitis or are experiencing persistent eye symptoms, it's advisable to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.